ARTICLES
Canadian Architect | Awards of Excellence | 2022
Ordre des Architectes du Québec | Esquisses: La multidisciplinarité en pratique | 2021
AREA Canada | Archives of Exemplarity in Architecture and the Built Environment | 2021
BLTA Conferences | 2023
From loom to room
-en
“From Loom to Room” investigates the spatial, conceptual, and performative possibilities of weaving in three dimensions. It is a study of how to translate material into space; movement into form; and design into collaboration.
As in the past, weaving provides an occasion to gather generations together.[1] It is a collaborative shared activity, traditionally done by women. Today, feminist scholarship recognizes the important contribution of women’s role as weavers to the history of our culture.[2] The systematic, repetitive interlacing of thread to form fabric is a collective form generating process.[3] In short, weaving materializes time. This inspires me to ask: how can the action of making inform and respond to design intentions?
To understand the relevance of this gendered labour in architecture, Naomi set off to weave a room. To do so, she moved back-and forth between digital and analog processes of design.[4] She began by using a rigid two-meter maple cube as the frame and then scored all twelve edges equally on each side and chose a highly elastic synthetic blend as the thread. She connected edges together by transforming lines into surfaces, networks into patterns, and layers into obstacles.[5] In this structural exploration, she reimagined corridors of movement by investigating new modes of knowledge production.[9]
In parallel, Naomi used parametric design to write possible thread intersections, and computational tools to script the logical sequence of the weave. This sequence generated a set of instructions that simulated bodily movement and translated it into a language that transcends the loom itself.[6] As iterations ensued, the warp and weft began to articulate a vocabulary of forms where openings, intersections, thresholds, and passages emerged. Together, they challenged our preconceptions about spatial boundaries, agency in design, and materiality.[7] Each thread was a negotiation between outside and inside, beauty and use, private and public, art and design.[8]
This experimental approach to crafting spatial instances with our bodies documents the exchange between people and materials. While this research does not propose an alternative to rigid building structures, weaving of this type could subdivide interior spaces by creating semi-transparent partitions, or connect building facades with filamentary canopies. Weaving can promote the implication of people with the built environment where a form comes into existence as the embodiment of a rhythmic collective movement.[10] The project highlights a single set of possible interwoven moments, using design and decision-making to drive an additive, iterative process of making.
[1] Albers, Anni, Magdalena Droste, T’ai Lin Smith, Minera María, Brenda Danilowitz, Jennifer Reynolds-Kaye, Priyesh Mistry, et al. Anni Albers. Edited by Ann Coxon, Briony Fer, and Müller-Schareck Maria. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2018.
[2] Christ, Carol P. “Weaving the Fabric of Our Lives.” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 13, no. 1 (1997): 131–36. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25002303.
[3] The new Oxford American dictionary, 2nd ed. s.v. “weaving.”
[4] Noel, Vernelle A. A. “Crafting as Inquiry into Computation: Exploring wire-bending in traditional practice and design education.” Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference, 10. (2016).
[5] The new Oxford American dictionary, 2nd ed. s.v. “weaving.”
[6] Cohen, Einya, Lila Namir, and I. M Schlesinger. A New Dictionary of Sign Language : Employing the Eshkol-Wachmann Movement Notation System. Approaches to Semiotics, 50. The Hague: Mouton, 1977.
[7] Studio Tomás Saraceno. “On Air.” Accessed December 13, 2021. https://studiotomassaraceno.org/on-air/.
[8] Architecture and Design. “Daphne Keraudren: Use at your own risk” Facebook, December 13, 2021. https://www.facebook.com/ArchiDesiign.
[9] Studio Tomás Saraceno. “On Air.”
[10] Ingold, Tim. The Perception of the Environment. London: Routledge, 2011, p. 346.
[11] Ibid.
Fibres de ville
-fr
Fibres de Ville matérialise les possibilités spatiales, conceptuelles et performatives du tissage tridimensionnel. Il s'agit d'une proposition pour traduire la matière en espace, le mouvement en forme et la réutilisation en conception écologique.
Ce projet d’aménagement urbain vise à réutiliser les câbles du Stade Olympique de Montréal pour construire une structure extérieures tissée où l'art, le mouvement, l'architecture, le design et la vie urbaine se rejoignent en un seul lieu.
Le tissage a toujours permis de rassembler les générations. Il s’agit d’une activité partagée et collaborative qui est traditionnellement réalisée par les femmes. Partout dans le monde et à travers l’histoire, c’est un moyen d’expression artistique. Dans le cadre de ce projet, la réaffectation des câbles de la toiture du Stade intègre le tissage à la conception même de l’espace publique.
L’aménagement de la structure tissée utilise l’entièreté des câbles du Stade Olympique et optimise les 14 kilomètres de fils d’acier à l’aide de nœuds structuraux pour connecter les segments de 6.0 m ensemble et ainsi ombrager une étendue de 1 500 m2. Une densité variée de câbles tamise la lumière et forme une suite d’îlots de fraîcheur au cœur d’Hochelaga-Maisonneuve (HoMa). Cette agrégation de palissades et d’auvents semi-transparents est déposée sur une herbe courte pour transformer un espace de stationnement peu utilisé en coulée verte de 10 000 m2 près des marchés et commerces du quartier. Cet aménagement contribue davantage à bonifier la qualité de vie des résidents et à réduire les grandes surfaces minéralisées.
Ce tissage s’introduit comme une nouvelle matérialité en architecture et permet aux montréalais de se réapproprier le stade dans la forme d’un parc urbain flexible pour le loisir informel, la récréation et le rassemblement. Installés entre la Rue Hochelaga et la Rue de Rouen, les câbles s’entrelacent le long de l’Avenue Bennett et se dénouent vers le Sud, ainsi renforçant le lien entre les résidents et le fleuve.
L’intégralité structurale des systèmes sous tensions de la toiture du Stade inspire la notion du tissage. L’ossature de la structure exploite la diversité de diamètres des câbles pour servir sa forme et sa stabilité. Ce projet sublime les traces du passé et rappelle le pavillon allemand d’Expo 67, réalisé par Rolf Gutbrod et Frei Otto, une référence emblématique de l’innovation architecturale à Montréal.
Le but est de comprendre comment inviter les gens à habiter différemment le domaine public. Cet aménagement réfléchit à une architecture légère qui exprime la pluralité consécutive des méthodes de construction. Le processus de tissage tridimensionnel comme outil de conception architectural propose l’articulation d’un réseau filamentaire où chaque fil est une négociation entre l'intérieur et l’extérieur, la beauté et l'utilité, le privé et le public, l'art et le design.
Extended research in Germany at the University of Stuttgart
-en
My approach to weaving as an architectural practice was inspired by much of the work done over the past ten years at the Institute for Computational Design and Construction (ICD) and the Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design (ITKE). Therefore, with funding from OAQ, Stuttgart quickly became a logical destination for my study tour. I visited both departments and met PhD students, researchers and professors from the Cluster of Excellence Integrative Computational Design and Construction for Architecture (IntCDC) who are conducting various projects on a variety of architectural structures. Their research focuses on bio-digital material innovation, wood performance optimization, and carbon fiber project design, ranging from theoretical papers to prototypical models and built pavilions.
During this time, I learned that the theoretical fusion of past and present research methods can lead to a systematic study of architectural design.[12] In both institutes, physical and computational prototypes are in constant dialogue during the research phase; an interactive process that is central to their approach to design. For example, in the LivMatS pavilion in Freiburg, Germany, the syntax, which is the sequence or order of the woven fibers, is first studied by hand with winding, knotting, and spatial lacing techniques, then digitized, and finally fed to a robotic arm that 3D prints the strands of material, in this case natural strands derived from linen.[13]
The fiber designs produced at ICD rely on weaving as a platform for thinking about the implications of viewing architecture as a process rather than a product.14 If adaptive architecture can simplify design practices, flexible materials can lead to new methods of green construction. In a profession where complex structures consume human and material resources, there is a need to simplify the method while going beyond the structural properties of the form. This study abroad has expanded my imagination of weaving as a linking element that can encompass the functional, behavioral, and atmospheric aspects of architecture and minimize materiality in sustainable design solutions.
[12] Ingold, Tim. The Perception of the Environment. London: Routledge, 2011, p. 346.
[13] Institute for Computation Design and Construction. “livMatS Pavilion.” Accessed on March 27th, 2022. https://www.icd.uni-stuttgart.de/projects/livMatS-Pavilion/.
[14] Muslimin, Rizal. “Learning from Weaving for Digital Fabrication in Architecture.” Leonardo 43, no. 4 (2010): 340–49. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40864128.